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“天時(shí)人事日相催，冬至陽(yáng)生春又來(lái)”，冬至之后，我國(guó)各地的氣候，都會(huì)進(jìn)入一個(gè)最寒冷的階段，一年中最冷的季節(jié)來(lái)了。

冬至 Winter Solstice

冬至是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)二十四節(jié)氣（the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms）中的第二十二個(gè)節(jié)氣，英文表達(dá)為Winter Solstice。冬至當(dāng)天，太陽(yáng)幾乎直射南回歸線(xiàn)（Tropic of Capricorn），北半球?qū)⒔?jīng)歷一年中最短的白天和最長(zhǎng)的黑夜。

From then on, the days become longer and the nights become shorter. The Winter Solstice also marks the arrival of the coldest season in the year. 

自此以后，白晝的時(shí)間變得越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)而夜晚則會(huì)越來(lái)越短。冬至也標(biāo)志著一年中最寒冷的季節(jié)的到來(lái)。

一起了解更多關(guān)于“冬至”的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)吧！

1. 冬至的由來(lái)

據(jù)歷史學(xué)者介紹，3000多年前，周朝以“日影”最長(zhǎng)的一天作為新一年的開(kāi)始。從這個(gè)意義上說(shuō)，冬至就是曾經(jīng)的年。所以中國(guó)有句古話(huà)說(shuō)：“冬至大如年”。

"The Winter Solstice is as significant as the Spring Festival."

As early as Zhou Dynasty, people worshipped the gods on the day of the Winter Solstice, which was also the first day of the new year. The Winter Solstice became a winter festival in Han Dynasty. The celebratory activities were officially organized. On this day, both officials and common people would have a rest.

早在周朝時(shí)期，人們會(huì)在冬至當(dāng)日，也就是當(dāng)時(shí)新年的第一天祭拜神靈。漢朝時(shí)，冬至成為了冬天的節(jié)日，朝廷會(huì)舉行正式的慶祝活動(dòng)。這一天，百官和庶民都會(huì)停工歇息。

在隨后的朝代，如唐、宋、元朝，冬至這天要進(jìn)行祭神祭祖。至明清時(shí)期，冬至依舊長(zhǎng)盛不衰，民間又有“肥冬瘦年”之說(shuō)，可見(jiàn)這一節(jié)氣的重要。

2. 冬至的習(xí)俗

吃餃子

During Winter Solstice in North China, eating dumplings is essential to the festival. There is a saying that goes "Have dumplings on the day of Winter Solstice and noodles on the day of Summer Solstice."

在中國(guó)北方地區(qū)，吃餃子是冬至的關(guān)鍵活動(dòng)。俗話(huà)說(shuō)：“冬至餃子夏至面。”

吃湯圓

It is a traditional custom to eat sticky rice balls (tangyuan) on Winter Solstice in south China. Tangyuan is also called tangtuan, which means "reunion". Therefore, Tangyuan on the winter solstice is also called "winter solstice dumpling". Every Winter Solstice, families in south China would grind glutinous rice flour and make them into balls with different fillings. Tangyuan is not only made for family members, but also for relatives and friends. It is a way to express one's best wishes for others.

冬至吃湯圓，是我國(guó)南方地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗。湯圓也稱(chēng)湯團(tuán)，“圓”意味著“團(tuán)圓”，所以冬至湯圓又叫“冬至團(tuán)”。每逢冬至，各家各戶(hù)都會(huì)磨糯米粉，并用不同食材做餡，包成冬至團(tuán)，不但自家人吃，也會(huì)贈(zèng)送親友以表祝福之意。

喝羊湯

The custom of drinking mutton soup originated in Sichuan province. On this day, people would worship ancestors and younger members of the family would greet elders with wishes. Mutton is part of the offerings and gifts. In addition, mutton has a great taste in wintertime, and it is nourishing. It is a great food for the winter season. Nowadays, people both in the north or south would have mutton soup on Winter Solstice to celebrate this solar term.

冬至喝羊肉湯的習(xí)俗最早源于四川。在這天，四川地區(qū)都習(xí)慣祭祖，而祭祖的食物中就有羊肉。此外這一天小輩也要給長(zhǎng)輩送祝福，準(zhǔn)備的禮物中也有羊肉。再加上這時(shí)的羊肉味道肥美，有滋補(bǔ)的作用，所以非常適合在冬天吃。現(xiàn)在，不管是南方還是北方，在冬至節(jié)氣，大家都會(huì)喝上一碗熱騰騰的羊肉湯，慶祝冬至的到來(lái)。

冬至的相關(guān)詞句

【習(xí)俗】：custom

【餃子】：Dumplings , Chinese meat ravioli, Jiaozi

【餛飩】：Wonton, dumplings in soup

【米團(tuán)】：Rice dumpling

【湯圓】：Tangyuan Glutinous rice ball / rice ball

【冬至祭祖】：Offering a Sacrifice to the Ancestors on the Winter Solstice